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The real cost of half-empty containers

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The real cost of shipping half-empty containers — LCL vs FCL vs container pooling comparison

A standard 40-foot high-cube container holds about 67 cubic meters of cargo. But many importers — especially small and mid-sized businesses — need only 5 to 15 CBM per shipment. When they book a full container, they're paying for space they don't use.

This isn't a niche problem. It's how a significant portion of global trade actually works.

FCL cost per CBM at different fill levels 20ft container · €2,100 fixed cost · the emptier you ship, the more each CBM costs 28 CBM (full) €75 /CBM Good deal 14 CBM (half) €150 /CBM · 2× per-CBM Mediocre 8 CBM €263 /CBM · 3.5× per-CBM Expensive 5 CBM €420 /CBM · 5.6× Painful All amounts in EUR per CBM. Container price stays at €2,100 regardless of fill.
Empty space is the most expensive cargo you can ship.

The two options small importers have today

Option 1: Book a full container (FCL). You get the whole box. It ships on your schedule. Customs clearance is straightforward because everything in the container is yours. The downside: you're paying for 67 CBM when you only need 10. For many small importers, this makes certain products uneconomical to import.

Option 2: Use a consolidator (LCL). Less-than-container-load shipping means your goods share a container with other shippers' goods, managed by a freight consolidator. You pay per CBM, which sounds ideal. In practice, LCL has real drawbacks:

  • Unpredictable timing. The consolidator waits until the container is full before shipping. If volume is low, your goods sit in a warehouse.
  • Higher handling. Your goods are loaded, unloaded, and reloaded at the consolidation and deconsolidation warehouses. More handling means more risk of damage.
  • Opaque pricing. LCL rates often include surcharges that aren't visible upfront: CFS charges, terminal handling, documentation fees.
  • No control. You don't know who else is in the container or what they're shipping. You have no relationship with the other shippers and no say in scheduling.
LCL · Quoted Rate Ocean freight (6 CBM × €140) €840 WHAT THE QUOTE SHOWS Just the ocean freight. Looks like a clean per-CBM price. It isn’t. QUOTED TOTAL €840 €140/CBM headline rate LCL · Actual Invoice Ocean freight €840 + CFS fees (origin + destination) €90 + THC (terminal handling) €75 + BAF (fuel adjustment) €48 + Documentation €45 + Delivery / last mile €180 + Peak Season Surcharge €66 ALL-IN TOTAL €1,344 €224/CBM +60% above quote
The headline rate is half the story. The other half arrives on the invoice.

A third option: shared container pools

The idea behind ShipTogether is simple. Instead of a consolidator deciding when and how your goods ship, a small group of importers coordinates directly to fill a container together.

Each importer books the CBM they need. The platform handles the coordination: matching compatible cargo, managing the booking timeline, splitting costs proportionally. The container ships when it's full — but because the pool is purpose-built for a specific route with a known departure window, fill times are more predictable than traditional LCL.

The key differences from LCL:

  • You see who's in the pool and what's being shipped.
  • Pricing is transparent: your share of the container cost plus a fixed coordination fee per CBM. Current rate.
  • The departure schedule is set upfront, not determined by when the consolidator happens to fill the box.
LCL €1,344 €224/CBM 14–21 day warehouse wait • Pay-per-CBM optics • Multiple handling stops • Opaque surcharges BEST VALUE SHARED POOL €67–83/CBM freight share 4–7 day fill time • Fewer handling stops • See who’s in your container • Fixed coordination fee vs LCL freight, like-for-like save 18–25% FCL (YOUR OWN) €2,100 €350/CBM at 6 CBM (paying for air) Ships on your schedule • Full container control • Customs is simple • Paying for empty space
The shared-pool figure is the port-to-port freight share; as on LCL, the importer pays destination handling, customs and delivery separately. Like-for-like on freight, pooling runs about 18–25% under LCL — and avoids paying for the empty space in your own FCL.

This isn't a new idea

Importers have been informally sharing containers for decades. Business owners in the same industry or region will coordinate over email or WhatsApp to fill a box together. It works, but it doesn't scale. Finding partners for every shipment takes time, and there's no standard process for splitting costs, handling documentation, or resolving disputes.

ShipTogether is the structured version of what already happens informally. A platform that makes shared containers reliable enough to use regularly.

We're starting with one route — Shanghai to Rotterdam — and we're looking for importers who want to try it.

Request early access →

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